Medical and non-medical methods to reduce or relieve labour pain

Substance blocking the cervical opening which comes away during the first stage of labour, often as a ‘bloody show’.

When forceps or a ventouse suction cup are used during birth to help with vaginal delivery.

A form of pain relief during labour which is given by an anaesthetist.

Where a tear or cut in the perineum (between the vagina and anus) is allowed to support a vaginal delivery then stitched after the birth.

Non-medical method used to support pain relief in labour.