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KS4 Core PE

In KS3 we provided students with the opportunity to take on different roles within a sporting environment such as a warm-up coach, analyst and equipment manager. Technical ability and the breakdown of different skills were improved alongside the enhancement of tactical knowledge of what a match environment may oppose to teams and individuals. Bringing these factors together, we hope that an individual is equipped to perform highly in a game situation.
As a result, KS4 will be heavily games based, focusing on Sports Leadership for Year 10 and Conditioned Games for Year 11.

Year 10 Sports Leadership

The Sports Leadership curriculum will allow students the opportunity to become an official in a multitude of game scenarios. We are aiming that this will give them a greater understanding of the rules of different sports and how you would action them as an official. Students will officiate on a rotation basis throughout the variety of sports that will be delivered across the year.

For example, during our Netball lessons, students will be given two rules to officiate on per lesson. Over the course of the lessons, students will become familiar with around 10 of the most common rules. Each lesson will provide an opportunity for a small group of the class to officiate and over the duration, all students will have an opportunity to officiate in multiple lessons.

Year 11 Conditioned Games

The Conditioned Games curriculum follows on from what students have learned in Year 9 through ‘Teaching Games for Understanding’ and the ‘Sports Leadership’ curriculum in Yr10. However, students will have the opportunity to choose a pathway of sports that they would like to participate in during their core PE lessons. The lessons will have a specific focus within the sport and will be delivered through a small selection of conditioned games that highlight the focus of the lesson.

For example, during our Football lessons, there may be a focus on ‘playing with width’. A small selection of conditioned games will be delivered that promote and enhance the use of width when playing Football. Students will have to think about what they need to do to be successful in the conditioned games.

Throughout the KS4 curriculum there will still be a continued emphasis on our threshold concepts that were delivered in KS3. We will be referring back to these threshold concepts and getting students to consider these factors when participating and discussing during the lesson.

Please click on the links below to find out more about each unit.

Year Long Term Objective: To have a deeper understanding of the world of sports, sports performers, and what makes excellence happen.
Year Autumn 1 Autumn 2 Spring 1  Spring 2 Summer 1 Summer 2
Medium Term Objective: To understand how health, fitness, physiology and the training year affects a performer.
10
How does health and individual factors affect a performer Are all athletes ‘fit’? How can we get maximum performance as a result of our training sessions? How does an elite athletes training year differ from ours? How do the musculo-skeletal, and cardio-respiratory system work together during exercise. What would be the ideal distance for a race between Usain Bolt v Mo Farah?
Medium Term Objective: To understand how an athlete creates learns and creates movement, uses psychology to perform at their peak, and how the behaviour of spectators/performers affects individuals.
11

How does knowing about how we move help us to efficiently produce correct techniques? How much of an athletes performance is psychological? How is the world of sport influenced by publicity and technology? Should we just allow all athletes to take drugs? Are performers and athletes a victim of bad press? Coursework and exam preparation

How does health and individual factors affect a performer.

Example Key Words

Complex Carbohydrates

The body’s preferred energy source.

Obesity

A term used to describe people with a large fat content, caused by an imbalance
of calories consumed to energy expenditure. A body mass index (BMI) of over 30
or over 20% above standard weight for height ratio.

Sedentary Lifestyles

A lifestyle with irregular or no physical activity.

Viscous

Thickening of the blood.

Hypertension

High blood pressure in the arteries.

Energy Expenditure

The amount of energy expended during exercise

Fundamental British values

Mutual Respect: Through understanding of how individuals are different and how these differences effect their performance in sport.

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

Are all athletes ‘fit’?

Example Key Words

Normative data

Data that is standardised and universal and all tests are compared against.

Quantitative data

A measurement which can be quantified as a number, eg time in seconds or
goals scored. There is no opinion expressed (qualitative). It is a fact.

Qualitative data

More of a subjective than an objective appraisal. Involving opinions relating to
the quality of a performance rather than the quantity (eg score, placing,
number).

Dynamic strength

Ability of a muscle or muscle group to undergo repeated contractions, avoiding fatigue.

Static strength

static ability to hold a body part (limb) in a static position. Muscle length stays the same/maximum force that can be applied to an immoveable object

Fundamental British values

Democracy: Understanding how individuals physical fitness can answer the question if all athletes or ‘fit’.

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

How can we get maximum performance as a result of our training sessions?

Example Key Words

Specificity

Making training specific to the sport being played/movements used/muscles
used/energy system(s) used.

Fartlek

Swedish for ‘speed play’. Periods of fast work with intermittent periods of slower work. Often used in running, ie sprint, jog, walk, jog, sprint, etc.

DOMS

Delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS). The pain felt in the muscles the day after exercise.

Plyometric

High intensity exercise involving explosive movements. The muscle is lengthened and then rapidly shortened to develop the explosive capability of the muscle.

HIIT

It’s an exercise strategy alternating periods of short intense anaerobic exercise with less intense recovery periods

Fundamental British values

Mutual Respect: Through understanding the differences in athletes and how this impacts the training they partake in.

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

How does an elite athletes training year differ from ours?

Example Key Words

Aerobic respiration

With oxygen. When exercise is not too fast and is steady, the heart can supply all the oxygen that the working muscles need.
Summarised as: glucose + oxygen ? energy + carbon dioxide + water.

Anaerobic respiration

Without oxygen. When exercise duration is short and at high intensity, the heart and lungs cannot supply blood and oxygen to muscles as fast as the respiring cells need them.
Summarised as: glucose ? energy + lactic acid.

Hypertrophy

The enlargement of an organ or tissue from the increase in the size of its cells.

SMART

Specific, Measurable, Accepted, Realistic, Timebound.

Altitude training

Training at altitude where there is less oxygen. The body adapts by making more red blood cells to carry oxygen. The additional oxygen carrying red blood cells is an advantage for endurance athletes returning to sea level to compete.

Fundamental British values

Mutual Respect: Through understanding the differences in athletes and how this impacts the training they partake in.

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

How do the musculo-skeletal, and cardio-respiratory system work together during exercise.

Example Key Words

Alveoli

Air sacs in the lungs.

Haemoglobin

The substance in the red blood cells which transports oxygen (as oxyhaemoglobin) and carbon dioxide.

Vasodilation

Widening of blood vessels.

Vasoconstriction

Narrowing of blood vessels

Synovial

An area of the body where two or more bones meet (articulate) to allow a range of movements. The ends of the bones are covered in articular cartilage and are enclosed in a capsule filled with fluid.

Agonist

Muscle or group responsible for the movement.

Fundamental British values

Rule of Law: Understanding the process and laws of movement and respiration, and applying them to athletes.

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

What would be the ideal distance for a race between Usain Bolt v Mo Farah?

Example Key Words

EPOC

Sometimes referred to as oxygen debt (now an outdated term), EPOC refers to the amount of oxygen needed to recover after exercise. EPOC enables lactic acid to be converted to glucose, carbon dioxide and water (using oxygen). It explains why we continue to breathe deeply and quickly after exercise.

DOMS

The pain felt in the muscles the day after exercise.

Aerobic respiration

With oxygen. When exercise is not too fast and is steady, the heart can supply all the oxygen that the working muscles need.
Summarised as: glucose + oxygen ? energy + carbon dioxide + water.

Anaerobic respiration

Without oxygen. When exercise duration is short and at high intensity, the heart and lungs cannot supply blood and oxygen to muscles as fast as the respiring cells need them.
Summarised as: glucose ? energy + lactic acid.

Aerobic training zone

The aerobic training zone allows the aerobic system to be trained. To define aerobic training zone: 1). Calculate maximum heart rate (220 bpm) minus age: 220-age 2). Work at 60-80% of maximum heart rate

Fundamental British values

Democracy: Based on the understanding of aerobic and anaerobic respirations, individuals can mke an informed democratic decision about how would win in a 600m race between Usain and Mo.

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

How does knowing about how we move help us to efficiently produce correct techniques?

Example Key Words

Extension

Increase of angle around a joint

Flexion

Decrease of angle around a joint

Isometric contraction

Muscle contraction where the length of the muscle does not alter. The contraction is constant, ie pushing against a load.

Isotonic contraction

Muscle contraction that results in limb movement

Eccentric contraction

Lengthening of the muscle

Mechanical advantage

The efficiency of a working lever, calculated by: effort ÷ weight (resistance) arm

Fundamental British values

Individual Liberty: Understanding how movement occurs in the body and how an individual benefits from knowing this in their own performance.

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

How much of an athletes performance is psychological?

Example Key Words

Arousal

A physical and mental (physiological and psychological) state of alertness/readiness, varying from deep sleep to intense excitement/alertness.

Intrinsic feedback

It’s a type of intrinsic feedback, received via receptors in the muscles. Sensations that are felt by the performer, providing information from movement.

Extrinsic feedback

Received from outside of the performer, eg from a coach. See Kinaesthetic feedback for a comparison.

Introvert

A quiet, passive, reserved, shy personality type, usually associated with individual sports performance.

Extrovert

Sociable, active, talkative, out-going personality type usually associated with
team sports players.

Visualisation

Cognitive relaxation techniques involving control of mental thoughts and imagining positive outcomes.

Fundamental British values

Individual Liberty: Knowing various psychological factors in sport, and learning methods to cope with these in their own sports

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

How is the world of sport influenced by publicity and technology?

Example Key Words

Commercialisation

To manage or exploit (an organisation, activity, etc) in a way designed to make a
profit. The specification refers to commercialised activity as being sponsorship and the
media only.

Media

Diversified technologies which act as the main means of mass communication)

Role model

A person looked to by others as an example to be imitated.

Sponsor

An individual or group that provides financial support to an event, activity, person, or organisation.

Sponsorship

Provision of funds or other forms of support to an individual or event in return for some commercial return.

Fundamental British values

Democracy: Deciding whether technology and media are having too much of a negative impact in sport – is technology the winner or the athlete?

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

Should we just allow all athletes to take drugs?

Example Key Words

Stimulants

Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, ie they increase mental and/or physical alertness.

Anabolic steroids

Artificially produced male hormones mimicking testosterone. They promote muscle and bone growth, and reduce recovery time. Often used by power athletes, eg sprinters.

Beta blockers

Drugs that are used to steady nerves by controlling heart rate. They have a calming and relaxing effect.

Blood doping

Defined by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) as the misuse of techniques and/or substances to increase one’s red blood cell count.

Diuretic drugs

Drugs that remove fluid from the body, elevating the rate of bodily urine excretion.

Narcotic analgesics

Drugs that can be used to reduce the feeling of pain.

Fundamental British values

Understanding how rule breaking in sport in damaging the reputation of sports.

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

Are performers and athletes a victim of bad press?

Example Key Words

Hooliganism

Disorderly, aggressive and often violent behaviour by spectators at sporting events.

Home field advantage

Gaining an advantage in a sporting event from being in familiar surroundings, with the majority of the spectators supporting you.

Gamesmanship

Attempting to gain an advantage by stretching the rules to their limit, eg time wasting.

Sportsmanship

Conforming to the rules, spirit and etiquette of a sport.

Etiquette

A convention or unwritten rule in an activity. It is not an enforceable rule but it is usually observed.

Fundamental British values

Rule of law: Understanding how spectators and athletes have an impact on sport through not following laws and conventions.

External Links

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/examspecs/zp49cwx

Coursework and exam preparation

Example Key Words

Analyse

Separate information into components and identify their characteristics.

Define

Separate information into components and identify their characteristics

Describe

Set out characteristics.

Evaluate

Judge from available evidence.

Justify

Support a case with evidence.

Explain

Set out purposes or reasons.

Fundamental British values

Individual liberty: Helping students make their own decisions in exam preparation.

External Links

https://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/pe/AQA-8582-COMMANDWORDS.PDF